SS-31 (elamipretide)

Structure

Regulatory & access status

SS-31 (elamipretide) is an FDA-approved prescription medicine (FORZINITY); "research use only" vials sold online are not the approved product.

• FORZINITY — STEALTH BIOTHERAPS, application NDA215244 (prescription). Drugs@FDA

Sellers that market unapproved peptides for human use can receive FDA warning letters; our vendor directory links any letter we found on fda.gov.

How much research exists on SS-31 (elamipretide)?

PubMed indexes 206 papers mentioning SS-31 (elamipretide) in the title or abstract, 155 of them from the last five years and 15 tagged as clinical trials (search run October 19, 2026; repeat the search).

Most relevant recent papers

• Elamipretide: A Review of Its Structure, Mechanism of Action, and Therapeutic Potential. — Int J Mol Sci, 2025 · review
• Efficacy and Safety of Elamipretide in Individuals With Primary Mitochondrial Myopathy: The MMPOWER-3 Randomized Clinical Trial. — Neurology, 2023 · clinical trial
• Elamipretide: First Approval. — Drugs, 2026 · review
• Elamipretide (SS-31) improves mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic and memory impairment induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice. — J Neuroinflammation, 2019
• Safety and Efficacy of Approved and Unapproved Peptide Therapies for Musculoskeletal Injuries and Athletic Performance. — Sports Med, 2026 · review
• Genotype-specific effects of elamipretide in patients with primary mitochondrial myopathy: a post hoc analysis of the MMPOWER-3 trial. — Orphanet J Rare Dis, 2024 · clinical trial

Registered clinical studies

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 21 studies with SS-31 (elamipretide) as an intervention (see all). Most recent:

• A Study Investigating the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Elamipretide Topical Ophthalmic Solution for the Treatment of Fuchs' Corneal Endothelial Dystrophy (FCED) — NCT02653391 · Phase 1/Phase 2 · completed · started 2016-02
• A Trial to Evaluate Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of Elamipretide in Subjects With Barth Syndrome — NCT03098797 · Phase 2/Phase 3 · completed · started 2017-07-05
• Study of Healthy Aging and Physical Function With Elamipretide — NCT07275424 · Phase 2 · recruiting · started 2025-11-26
• Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of MTP-131 for the Treatment of Mitochondrial Myopathy — NCT02367014 · Phase 1/Phase 2 · completed · started 2015-02
• Safety, Tolerability, Efficacy of MTP-131 for Treatment of Mitochondrial Disease in Subjects From the MMPOWER Study — NCT02805790 · Phase 2 · completed · started 2016-08-22

What the evidence does not show

• Paper counts measure research attention, not whether SS-31 works or is safe.

Research suppliers that list SS-31

24 vendors in our directory listed a product matching SS-31 in their public catalog on October 19, 2026. Listed alphabetically; a listing is not an endorsement. Research use only.

• Amino AmigosCatalog item: “SS-31 15mg”
• Ascension PeptidesCatalog item: “SS-31 (10MG)”
• Atomik LabzCatalog item: “SS-31 – 50mg”
• Backroad AminosCatalog item: “SS-31”
• Biocollex ResearchCatalog item: “SS-31”
• BioGenix PeptidesCatalog item: “SS-31 10mg”
• Dynamic PeptideCatalog item: “SS-31 Peptide 10mg”
• JetPepsCatalog item: “SS-31 10mg”
• Liberty PeptidesCatalog item: “SS-31 (30mg or 50mg)”
• Licensed PeptidesCatalog item: “SS-31”
• LotusPeptideCatalog item: “SS-31 10mg”
• Peptide CraftersCatalog item: “SS-31 (39mg) – Limited Stock”
• Peptide PartnersCatalog item: “SS-31 (10mg vials)”
• Peptide.ExpressCatalog item: “SS-31 10mg”
• Pinnacle Peptide LabsCatalog item: “SS-31 [10mg]”
• Plum Labs ResearchCatalog item: “SS-31 10mg”
• Polaris PeptidesCatalog item: “SS-31 25mg (elamipretide)”
• Pure Lab PeptidesCatalog item: “SS-31 50mg”
• Ramp PeptidesCatalog item: “SS-31”
• Royal PeptidesCatalog item: “SS-31 50mgx10vials”
• San Diego PeptidesCatalog item: “Elamipretide (SS-31) 10mg”
• Sports Technology LabsCatalog item: “SS-31 10MG”
• Swiss ChemsCatalog item: “SS31 (Elamipretide)”
• Voltera SciencesCatalog item: “SS-31”

Prices per mg, where we could verify them, are on our price comparison.

SS-31 reconstitution math

Lab arithmetic only, not dosing guidance: vial-by-vial concentration tables are on SS-31 10 mg vial math.

SS-31 FAQ

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