LL-37

Structure

Regulatory & access status

LL-37 is not approved by the FDA for any use; products sold under this name are labeled for research use only, not for human consumption.

Sellers that market unapproved peptides for human use can receive FDA warning letters; our vendor directory links any letter we found on fda.gov.

How much research exists on LL-37?

PubMed indexes 2,543 papers mentioning LL-37 in the title or abstract, 875 of them from the last five years and 60 tagged as clinical trials (search run October 19, 2026; repeat the search).

Most relevant recent papers

• Vitamin D triggers hCAP18/LL-37 production: Implications for LL-37-induced human osteoblast cytotoxicity. — Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2024
• Human antimicrobial/host defense peptide LL-37 may prevent the spread of a local infection through multiple mechanisms: an update. — Inflamm Res, 2025 · review
• LL-37, a Multi-Faceted Amphipathic Peptide Involved in NETosis. — Cells, 2022
• LL-37: A Direct Link Between Inflammation and Myocardial Infarction. — JACC Basic Transl Sci, 2024
• LL-37 Triggers Antimicrobial Activity in Human Platelets. — Int J Mol Sci, 2023
• Regulation of LL-37 in Bone and Periodontium Regeneration. — Life (Basel), 2022 · review

Registered clinical studies

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 20 studies with LL-37 as an intervention (see all). Most recent:

• Vitamin D Status in Lower Extremity Joint Replacement Surgery Patients — NCT01858051 · N/A · withdrawn · started 2015-01
• Vitamin D in Active Tuberculosis (TB) Study — NCT00788320 · N/A · withdrawn · started 2008-10
• Efficacy of LL-37 Cream on Bacteria Colonization, Inflammation Response and Healing Rate of Diabetic Foot Ulcers — NCT04098562 · Phase 2 · unknown · started 2019-10
• Cathelicidin LL-37 Relation to Potentially Malignant Lesions — NCT06219330 · completed · started 2023-07-01
• Evaluation of 25(OH)D3 and LL-37 Levels in Periimplant Sulcus Fluid — NCT07280754 · not yet recruiting · started 2025-12-30

What the evidence does not show

• Paper counts measure research attention, not whether LL-37 works or is safe.
• No FDA review of any "research use only" product's identity, purity, sterility or dose.

Research suppliers that list LL-37

26 vendors in our directory listed a product matching LL-37 in their public catalog on October 19, 2026. Listed alphabetically; a listing is not an endorsement. Research use only.

• Ascension PeptidesCatalog item: “LL-37 (10MG)”
• Atomik LabzCatalog item: “BULK PACK LL-37 -5mg (10 VIALS)”
• BioGenix PeptidesCatalog item: “LL-37 5mg”
• BioLongevity LabsCatalog item: “LL-37 (5mg)”
• Biotech PeptidesCatalog item: “LL-37 (5mg)”
• Bulk Peptide SupplyCatalog item: “LL-37 5 mg”
• Core PeptidesCatalog item: “LL-37 – 5MG”
• Eros PeptidesCatalog item: “LL-37 10MG”
• Evolve BioPepCatalog item: “LL-37 5mg”
• Extreme PeptidesCatalog item: “LL-37”
• Liberty PeptidesCatalog item: “LL-37 (5mg)”
• Licensed PeptidesCatalog item: “LL-37 5mg”
• Modern AminosCatalog item: “LL-37 5MG”
• NuScience PeptidesCatalog item: “LL-37 Cathelicidin Peptide – 5 mg”
• Paramount PeptidesCatalog item: “LL-37 (10mg)”
• Peptide CraftersCatalog item: “LL-37 (CAP-18) (5mg)”
• Peptide WorldwideCatalog item: “20MG LL-37 5MG (4 x 5mg vials) – $168.00”
• Polaris PeptidesCatalog item: “LL-37 10mg”
• ProtideHealthCatalog item: “LL-37 5mg”
• Pure Lab PeptidesCatalog item: “LL-37 5mg (CAP-18)”
• San Diego PeptidesCatalog item: “LL-37”
• Science.bioCatalog item: “LL-37 – Aliquot”
• Southern AminosCatalog item: “LL-37”
• Swiss ChemsCatalog item: “LL-37 (CAP-18) 5mg”
• Verified PeptidesCatalog item: “LL-37 Peptide (5MG)”
• Xcel PeptidesCatalog item: “LL-37”

Prices per mg, where we could verify them, are on our price comparison.

LL-37 reconstitution math

Lab arithmetic only, not dosing guidance: vial-by-vial concentration tables are on LL-37 5 mg vial math.

LL-37 FAQ

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